A matrix is full row rank when each of the rows of the matrix are
linearly independent and full column rank when each of the columns of
the matrix are linearly independent. For a square matrix these two
concepts are equivalent and we say the matrix is full rank if all rows
and columns are linearly independent. A square matrix is full rank if
and only if its determinant is nonzero.
For a non-square matrix with m rows and n
columns, it will always be the case that either the rows or columns
(whichever is larger in number) are linearly independent. Hence when we
say that a non-square matrix is full rank, we mean that the row and
column rank are as high as possible, given the shape of the matrix. So
if there are more rows than columns (m > n), then the matrix is full rank if the matrix is full column rank.
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