The companion matrix to a
monic polynomial
 |
(1)
|
is the
square
matrix
![A=[0 0 ... 0 -a_0; 1 0 ... 0 -a_1; 0 1 ... 0 -a_2; | | ... ... |; 0 0 ... 1 -a_(n-1)]](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/blogger_img_proxy/AEn0k_sBimNgMx4jC2aBAAMkZFl5X2-Dxq4AMe3bb4aXWHOwtFiC8T4TNfdqp1p0F0GA3N19HZLcA-2oZCsmd2sU_kdDy3knfj8KkTYrwd3z8TIUAR362HC1m8ZLSokxIEIzuyHlz9g_fZAJFaYX4lx-pN7Cr_at-GA=s0-d) |
(2)
|
with ones on the
subdiagonal and the last column given by the coefficients of

. Note that
in the literature, the companion matrix is sometimes defined with the rows and columns
switched, i.e., the
transpose of the above matrix.
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